References

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There are literally thousands of references for chronic care and self management support.

This is an initial list of some you may find useful. In time, we’ll sort this list into categories, but for now, it is offered as a starting point for those that are interested and is listed alphabetically.

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Adams, S. G., P. K. Smith, et al. (2007). “Systematic review of the chronic care model in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease prevention and management.” Arch Intern Med 167(6): 551-61.
AlexanderWD. Diabetes care in a UK health region: activity, facilities and costs. DiabetMed 1988; 5(6): 577–581.
American Hospital Association & Institute for Family-Centered Care. (2004). Strategies for Leadership: Patient- and Family-Centered Care. A hospital self-assessment inventory. Chicago
Badamgarav, E., S. R. Weingarten, et al. (2003). “Effectiveness of disease management programs in depression: a systematic review.” Am J Psychiatry 160(12): 2080-90.
Barlow JH, Sturt J,Hearnshaw H. Self-management interventions for chronic conditions in primary care: examples from arthritis, asthma and diabetes. Health Education Journal 2002; 61(4): 365-378.
Barlow, J., D. Singh, et al. (2007). “A systematic review of the benefits of home telecare for frail elderly people and those with long-term conditions.” J Telemed Telecare 13(4): 172-9.
Barr VJ, Robinson S, Marin-Link B, Underhill L, Dotts A, Ravensdale D & Salivaras S. (2003). The expanded chronic care model: an integration of concepts and strategies from population health promotion and the chronic care model. Hospital Quarterly, 7(1);73-82
Bartlett JG, Cheever LW, Johnson MP & Paauw, DS. Primary Care as Chronic Care. In: Bartlett JG, Cheever LW, Johnson MP & Paauw, DS (Eds) A Guide to Primary Care of People with HIV/AIDS.(2004)
Beney, J., L. A. Bero, et al. (2000). “Expanding the roles of outpatient pharmacists: effects on health services utilisation, costs, and patient outcomes.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(3): CD000336.

Blainey D, Lomas D, Beale A, PartridgeM. The cost of acute asthma: how much is preventable? Health Trends 1990–1991; 22(4): 151–153.
Blakeman T, Macdonald W, Bower P, Gately C, Chew C. (2006). A qualitative study of GPs’ attitudes to self-management of chronic disease. British Journal of General Practice. 56(527):407–414
Bodenheimer T, Laing BY. The teamlet model of primary care. Ann Fam Med. 2007 Sep-Oct;5(5):457-461.
Bodenheimer T, Lorig K, Holman H & Grumbach K. (2002). Patient self-management of chronic disease in primary care. JAMA, 288(19):2469-2475
Bodenheimer T, Wagner EH & Grumbach K. (2002). Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness. JAMA, 288(14);1775
Bodenheimer T, Wagner EH & Grumback K. (2002). Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness: The chronic care model part 2. JAMA, 288;1909-14
Bodenheimer, T., Lorig, K., Holman, H., & Brumbach, K. (2002). Patient Self-management of Chronic Disease in Primary Care. Journal American Medical Association, 288(19), 2469-2475

Bolton, CE. (2007). A prescription with the self-management plan – a step too far? Chronic Respiratory Disease. 4;129-130
Bourbeau, J. (2003). “Disease specific self managment programmes in patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.” Dis Manage Health Outcomes 11(5): 311-319.
Brady TJ & Sniezek JE. (2003). Implementing the National Arthritis Action Plan: New population-based approaches to increasing physical activity among people with arthritis. Arthritis & Rheumatism, 49(3);471-476
Brady TJ, Kruger J, Helmick CG, Callahan LF & Boutaugh ML. (2003).  Intervention Programs for Arthritis and Other Rheumatic Diseases, Health Education & Behavior, 30(1);44-63
Brady TJ, Sniezek JE & Conn DL. (2001). Enhancing patient self-management in clinical practice. Bulletin on the Rheumatic Diseases, 49:1-4
British Cardiac Society, British Hypertension Society, Diabetes UK, et al. JBS 2: Joint British Societies’guidelines on prevention of cardiovascular disease in clinical practice. Heart 2005; 91: 1-52.
Brownson CA & Heisler M. (2009). The role of peer support in diabetes care and self-management. The Patient: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, 2,(1), 5-17
Brownson CA, Miller D, Crespo R, et al. A quality improvement tool to assess self-management support in primary care. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2007 Jul;33(7):408-416.
Brownson CA, Miller D, Crespo R, Neuner S, Thompson J, Wall JC, Emont S, Fazzone P, Fisher EB, Glasgow RE. (2007). A quality improvement tool to assess self-management support in primary care. Joint Commission journal on quality and patient safety. 33(7):408-16
Brownson CA, O’Toole ML, Shetty G, Anwuri VV & Fisher EB. (2007). Clinic-Community Partnerships: A Foundation for Providing Community Supports for Diabetes Care and Self-Management. Diabetes Spectrum, 20;209-214
Bycroft, J., J., & Tracey, J. (2006). Self-management support: A win-win solution for the 21st century. New Zealand Family Practitioner, 33(4), 243-248
Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health. (2008). Home telehealth for chronic disease management. Electronic document, http://www.cadth.ca/media/pdf/H0475_Home_Telehealth_tr_e.pdf. Accessed: 2009-05-13
Canadian Health Services Research Foundation. (2008). Better care for chronically ill. Electronic document, www.chsrf.ca/knowledge_transfer/pdf/BETTER_CARE_ENG.pdf. Accessed 2009-05-28
Celler BG, Lovell NH & Basilakis J. (2003). Using information technology to improve the management of chronic disease. MJA, 179;242–246
Chambers R,Wakley G, Blenkinsopp A. Working in partnership programme: making self-care happen. In: Supporting self care in primary care.Oxford: Radcliffe, 2006.
Chodosh J,Morton SC,MojicaW, et al.Meta-analysis: chronic disease self management programs for older adults. Ann Intern Med 2005; 143(6): 427-438.

Clark NM, BeckerMH, Janz K, et al. Self-management of chronic disease by older adults: a review and questions for research. J Aging Health 1991; 3(1): 3–27.
Clark, N., M. (2003). Management of Chronic Disease by Patients. Annual Review of Public Health, 24, 289-313
Clark, R. A., S. C. Inglis, et al. (2007). “Telemonitoring or structured telephone support programmes for patients with chronic heart failure: systematic review and meta-analysis.” Bmj 334(7600): 942.
Coleman K, Austin BT, Brach C & Wagner EH. (2009). Evidence on the chronic care model in the new millennium. Health Affairs, 28(1);75-85
Coleman K, Mattke S, Perrault PJ, Wagner EH. (2009). Untangling practice redesign from disease management: how do we best care for the chronically ill? Annual Review of Public Health, 30:385-408
Corben, S., & Rosen, R. (2005). Self-management for Long-term Conditions. Kings Fund Working Paper. Kings Fund, London

Deakin, T., C. E. McShane, et al. (2005). “Group based training for self-management strategies in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(2): CD003417.
Delamater, A., M. (2006). Improving Patient Adherence. Clinical Diabetes, 24(2), 71-76

Dennis, S. M., N. Zwar, et al. (2008). “Chronic disease management in primary care: from evidence to policy.” Med J Aust 188(8 Suppl): S53-6.
Department of Health. (2001). The expert patient: a new approach to chronic disease management for the 21st century. London: Department of Health
Department of Health. (2003). Supporting People with Long Term Conditions. Liberating the talents of nurses who care for people with long term conditions. London: Department of Health
Department of Health. Choosing health: making healthier choices easier. London: Department of Health, 2004
Department of Health. Improving chronic disease management. London: The Stationery Office, 2004.
Department of Health. Our health, our care, our say: a new direction for community services. London: The Stationery Office, 2006.
Department of Health. Supporting people with long-term conditions: an NHS and social care model to support local innocation and integration. London: The Stationery Office, 2004

Diabetes Initiative. (2008). Assessment of Primary Care Resources and Supports for Chronic Disease Self-Management (PCRS). Electronic document, http://www.rwjf.org/files/research/pcrstoolkit.pdf. Accessed: 2009-05-13
Effing, T., E. M. Monninkhof, et al. (2007). “Self-management education for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(4): CD002990.
Ferguson, J. A. and M. Weinberger (1998). “Case management programs in primary care.” J Gen Intern Med 13(2): 123-6.
Fisher EB, Brownson CA, O’Toole ML, Shetty G, Anwuri VV & Glasgow RE. (2005). Ecological approaches to self-management: The case of diabetes. American Journal of Public Health. 95(9);1523–1535
Flinders Human Behaviour & Health Research Unit. (2006). What is self-management? Adelaide. Retreived, 18 March, 2008, from http://som.flinders.edu.au?FUSA/CCTU/Self-Management.htm
Flinders University. Flinders Human Behaviour and Health Research Unit. (2009). Capabilities for supporting prevention and chronic condition self-management: A resource for educators of primary health care professionals.
Flinders University. Flinders Human Behaviour and Health Research Unit. The ‘Flinders Model’ of Chronic Condition Self-Management. Electronic document, http://som.flinders.edu.au/FUSA/CCTU/self_management.htm. Accessed: 2009-05-13
Foster, G., S. J. Taylor, et al. (2007). “Self-management education programmes by lay leaders for people with chronic conditions.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(4): CD005108.
Gallefoss F, Bakke PS. (2002). Cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis of self-management in patients with COPD–a 1-year follow-up randomized, controlled trial. Respiratory Medicine, 96(6);424-31
Garg, A. X., N. K. Adhikari, et al. (2005). “Effects of computerized clinical decision support systems on practitioner performance and patient outcomes: a systematic review.” Jama 293(10): 1223-38.
Gately C, Rogers A & Sanders C. (2007). Re-thinking the relationship between long-term condition self-management education and the utilisation of health services. Social Science & Medicine, 65;934–945
Gensichen, J., M. Beyer, et al. (2006). “Case management to improve major depression in primary health care: a systematic review.” Psychol Med 36(1): 7-14.
Gibson, P. G., H. Powell, et al. (2002). “Limited (information only) patient education programs for adults with asthma.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(2): CD001005.
Gibson, P. G., H. Powell, et al. (2003). “Self-management education and regular practitioner review for adults with asthma.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(1): CD001117.
Gilbody, S., P. Whitty, et al. (2003). “Educational and organizational interventions to improve the management of depression in primary care: a systematic review.” Jama 289(23): 3145-51.

Glasgow RE & Bull SS. (2001). Making a Difference With Interactive Technology: Considerations in Using and Evaluating Computerized Aids for Diabetes Self-Management Education. Diabetes Spectrum, 14(2);99-106
Glasgow RE, Funnell MM, Bonomi AE, Davis C, Beckham V & Wagner EH. (2002). Self-management aspects of the improving chronic illness care breakthrough series: Implementation with diabetes and heart failure teams. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 24(2);80-87
Glasgow RE, Funnell MM, Bonomi AE, Davis C, Beckham V, Wagner EH. Self-management aspects of the improving chronic illness care breakthrough series: Implementation with diabetes and heart failure teams. Ann Behav Med. 2002 Spring;24(2):80-87.
Glasgow RE, Spilker B. Compliance to diabetes regimens: conceptualization, complexity and determinants. In: Cramer JA (ed.). Patient compliance in medical practice and clinical trials. New York: Raven Press, 1991: 209–224.
Glasgow, R., E., Davis, C., L., Funnell, M., M., & Beck, A. (2003). Implementing Practical Interventions to Support Chronic Illness Self-Management. Joint Commission Journal on Quality & Safety, 29(11), 563-573

Goeppinger J, Armstrong B, Schwartz T, Ensley D, Brady TJ. (2007). Self-management education for persons with arthritis: Managing comorbidity and eliminating health disparities. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 15;57(6):1081-8
Greaves CJ. Psychosocial influences on self-care and health outcomes in adults with asthma [PhD thesis]. Available via British Library Thesis Service (BL: DXN058445). Exeter: University of Exeter, 2002.
Greenhalgh T. (2009). Chronic illness: beyond the expert patient. BMJ, 338;629-631
Gruen, R. L., T. S. Weeramanthri, et al. (2004). “Specialist outreach clinics in primary care and rural hospital settings.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(1): CD003798.
Gwadry-Sridhar, F. H., V. Flintoft, et al. (2004). “A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing readmission rates and mortality rates in patients with heart failure.” Arch Intern Med 164(21): 2315-20.
Hampson SE, Glasgow RE, Toobert DJ. Personal models of diabetes and their relations to self-care activities. Health Psychol 1990; 9(5): 632–646.
Harris MF, Williams AM, Dennis SM, Zwar NA, Powell Davies, G. (2008). Chronic disease self-management: implementation with and within Australian general practice. Medical Journal of Australia, 189(10 Suppl);17-20.
Harris, M., B. Smith, et al. (2005). “Printed patient education interventions to facilitate shared management of chronic disease: a literature review.” Intern Med J 35(12): 711-6.
Harris, M., F., & Zwar, N., A. (2007). Care of patients with chronic deisease: the challenge for general practice. The Medical Journal of Australia, 187(2), 104-107
Haynes, R. B., E. Ackloo, et al. (2008). “Interventions for enhancing medication adherence.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(2): CD000011.
Health Council of Canada. (2009). Getting it Right: Case Studies of Effective Management of Chronic Disease Using Primary Health Care Teams. Electronic document, www.healthcouncilcanada.ca/docs/rpts/2009/CaseStudies_FINAL.pdf. Accessed 2009-05-28
Health Council of Canada. (2009). Teams in Action: Primary Health Teams for Canadians. Electronic document, http://www.healthcouncilcanada.ca/teamsinaction.pdf. Accessed 2009-05-28
Heisler M. Building Peer Support Programs to Manage Chronic Disease: Seven Models for Success. California Health Care Foundation; December 2006.
Hutt, R., R. Rosen, et al. (2004). Case-managing long term conditions: what impact does it have in the treatment of older people? London, King’s Fund.
In multifaceted interventions to improve chronic care, the addition of patient-oriented interventions, self-management education, and self-management support to professional and/or organizational interventions has been shown to be key to improvements in patient outcomes rather than improvements in process outcomes alone.

Johnson S, Abonyi S, Jeffery B, Hackett P, Hampton M, McIntosh T, Martz D, Muhajarine N, Petrucka P & Sari N. (2008). Recommendations for action on the social determinants of health: a Canadian perspective, The Lancet, 372(9650);1690-1693
Jolliffe, J. A., K. Rees, et al. (2001). “Exercise-based rehabilitation for coronary heart disease.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(1): CD001800.
Jordan J. & Osborne R. (2007). Chronic disease self-management education programs: Challenges ahead. MJA, 186, 84-87
Jordan, E., J., & Osborne, R., H. (2007). Chronic disease self-management education programs: challenges ahead. The Medical Journal of Australia, 186(2), 84-87
Joseph AM. (2006). Care Coordination and Telehealth Technology in Promoting Self-Management Among Chronically Ill Patients. Telemedicine and e-Health, 12(2):156-159
Katon, W., Von Korff, M., Lin, E., Simon, G. (2001). Rethinking practitioner roles in chronic illness: the specialist, primary care physician, and the practice nurse. General Hospital Psychiatry, 23, 138-144
Kendall E, Muenchberger H, Ehrlich C & Armstrong K. Supporting self-management in general practice: An overview. Electronic document, http://www.gpqld.com.au/content/Document/3%20Programs/Collaborative%20Research%20Hub/Supporting%20Self%20Management%20Paper.pdf
Kenealy, T., Arroll, B., Kenealy, H., Docherty, B., Scott, D., Scragg, R., & Simmons, D. (2004). Diabetes Care: practice nurse roles, attitudes and concerns. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 48(1), 68-75
Kennedy A, Reeves D, Bower P, Lee V, Middleton E, Richardson G, Gardner C, Gately C, Rogers A. (2007). The effectiveness and cost effectiveness of a national lay-led self care support programme for patients with long-term conditions: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 61(3);254-61
Kennedy A, Rogers A & Bower P. (2007). Support for self care for patients with chronic disease. BMJ, 335;968-970
Kennedy A, Rogers A, Crossley M. (2007). Participation, roles, and the dynamics of change in a group-delivered self-management course for people living with HIV. Qualitative Health Research, 17(6):744-58
Kennedy AP, Nelson E, Reeves D, Richardson G, Roberts C, Robinson A, Rogers AE, Sculpher M, Thompson DG. (2004). A randomised controlled trial to assess the effectiveness and cost of a patient orientated self management approach to chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Gut, 53(11);1639-45
Kennedy, A., & Rogers, A. (2001). Improving Self Management Skills. A Whole Systems Approach. British Journal of Nursing, 10(11), 734-737
Kreindler SA. (2009). Lifting the Burden of Chronic Disease: What Has Worked? What Hasn’t? What’s Next? Healthcare Quarterly, 12(2);30-40
Kripalani, S., X. Yao, et al. (2007). “Interventions to enhance medication adherence in chronic medical conditions: a systematic review.” Arch Intern Med 167(6): 540-50.
Lacasse, Y., R. Goldstein, et al. (2006). “Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(4): CD003793.
Lawn S, Battersby M, Lindner H, Mathews R, Morris S, Wells L, Litt J & Reed R. (2009). What skills do primary health care professionals need to provide effective self-management support? Seeking consumer perspectives. Australian Journal of Primary Health, 15(1);37–44
Lay leaders can teach self-management courses with results similar to those taught by professionals.
Lay led self-management courses with participants who have diverse chronic conditions can be as effective as those for participants with arthritis alone.
Lee L, Packer TL, Hun Tang S & Girdler S. (2008). Self-management education programs for age-related macular degeneration: A systematic review. Australasian Journal on Ageing, 27(4);170-176
Lefevre, F., M. Piper, et al. (2002). “Do written action plans improve patient outcomes in asthma? An evidence-based analysis.” J Fam Pract 51(10): 842-8.
Lewin B, Robertson IH, Cay EL, et al. Effects of self-help post myocardial-infarction rehabilitation on psychological adjustment and use of health services. Lancet 1992; 339(8800): 1036–1040.
Lewin RJ, Furze G, Robinson J, Griffith K, Wiseman S, Pye M, Boyle R. (2002). A randomised controlled trial of a self-management plan for patients with newly diagnosed angina. The British Journal of General Practice, 52(476):194-6, 199-201
Lewin SA, Skea ZC, Entwistle V, Zwarenstein M, Dick J. Interventions for providers to promote a patient-centred approach in clinical consultations. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(4):CD003267.
Lewin, S. A., J. Dick, et al. (2005). “Lay health workers in primary and community health care.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(1): CD004015.
Lorig K, Feigenbaum P, Regan C, Ung E, Chastain RL, Holman HR. A comparison of lay-taught and professional-taught arthritis self-management courses. J Rheumatol. 1986 Aug;13(4):763-767.
Lorig K, Holman H, Sobel D, Laurent D, Gonzalez V. & Minor M. (2007). Living a healthy life with chronic conditions. 3rd Edition. Bull Publishing Company: Boulder
Lorig K, Ritter PL, Villa F & Piette JD. (2008). Spanish diabetes self-management with and without automated telephone reinforcement. Diabetes Care, 31;408-414
Lorig KR, Sobel DS, Stewart AL, et al. Evidence suggesting that a chronic disease self-management program can improve health status while reducing hospitalization: A randomized trial. Med Care. 1999 Jan;37(1):5-14.
Loveman E, Cave C, Green C, Royle P, Dunn N, Waugh N. (2003). The clinical and cost-effectiveness of patient education models for diabetes: a systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technology Assessment, 7(22);1-190
Loveman, E., P. Royle, et al. (2003). “Specialist nurses in diabetes mellitus.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(2): CD003286.
Luscher TF,Vetter H, SiegenthalerW,VetterW. Compliance in hypertension: facts and concepts. J Hypertens 1985; 3(1): S3–S9.
Macdonald W, Rogers A, Blakeman T, Bower P. (2008). Practice nurses and the facilitation of self-management in primary care. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62(2);191-9
Marks L. Counting the cost: the real impact of non-insulin dependent diabetes. London: King’s Fund Policy Institute, 1997.
McAlister, F. A., F. M. Lawson, et al. (2001). “A systematic review of randomized trials of disease management programs in heart failure.” Am J Med 110(5): 378-84.
McAlister, F. A., F. M. Lawson, et al. (2001). “Randomised trials of secondary prevention programmes in coronary heart disease: systematic review.” Bmj 323(7319): 957-62.
McGowan P & Lorig K. The Delivery of Self-Management Interventions. IN Newman S, Steed L & Mulligan K (Eds.). Chronic Physical Illness: Self-Management and Behavioural Interventions. 2007. Berkshire England: Open University Press, McGraw Hill
McGowan P, Green LW et al. First Nations arthritis self-management program. Electronic document, http://www.coag.uvic.ca/cdsmp/documents/CDSM%20First%20Nations%20Report.pdf. Accessed: 2009-05-29
McIver, S. (1999). Public Involvement in Primary Care. Implications for Primary Care Groups. Nursing Times Research, 4(4), 245-256
Ministry of Health. (2001). The Primary Health Care Strategy. Wellington: Ministry of Health
Ministry of Health. (2003). Investing in Health: Whakatohutia te Oranga Tangata. A framework for activating primary health care nursing in New Zealand. Wellington: Ministry of Health
Monninkhof, E., P. van der Valk, et al. (2003). “Self-management education for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review.” Thorax 58(5): 394-8.
Mullen, P., & Spurgeon, P. (2000). Priority Setting and the Public. Abingdon: Radcliffe Medical Press Limited
Murray, E., J. Burns, et al. (2005). “Interactive Health Communication Applications for people with chronic disease.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(4): CD004274.
Nagelkerk, J., Reick, K., Meengs, L. (2006). Perceived barriers and effective strategies to diabetes self-management. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 54(2), 151-158
National Asthma Campaign.Out in the open: a true picture of asthma in the United Kingdom today. Asthma J 2001; 6(Suppl): 1–14.
National Health Committee. (2007). Meeting the needs of people with Chronic Conditions. Wellington: National Health Committee
National Health Service Diabetes Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention Group. Diabetes, Heart Disease & Stroke (DHDS) Prevention Project. National Health Service, 2006.
Nelson KM, Reiber G, Boyko EJ,NHANES III. Diet and exercise among adults with type 2 diabetes: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHAMES 111). Diabetes Care 2002, 25(10): 1722-1728
Newman S, Steed L,Mulligan K. Self-management interventions for chronic illness. Lancet 2004; 364: 1523 – 1537.
Nguyen HQ, Donesky-Cuenco D, Wolpin S, Reinke LF, Benditt JO, Paul SM, & Carrieri-Kohlman V. (2008). Randomized controlled trial of an internet-based versus face-to-face dyspnea self-management program for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Pilot study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 10(2), e9.
NHS Health and Social Care Information Centre. National diabetes audit: key findings about the quality of care for people with diabetes in England. Leeds: NHS Health and Social Care Information Centre, 2005.
NHS. (2006). Improving care for people with long-term conditions. A review of UK and international frameworks. Electronic document, http://www.improvingchroniccare.org/downloads/review_of_international_frameworks__chris_hamm.pdf. Accessed: 2009-05-13
Niesink, A., J. C. Trappenburg, et al. (2007). “Systematic review of the effects of chronic disease management on quality-of-life in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.” Respir Med 101(11): 2233-9.
Nolte E & McKee M. (2008). Caring for people with chronic conditions – A health system perspective. Open University Press
Norris SL, Lau J, Smith SJ, Schmid CH, Engelgau MM. Self-management education for adults with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of the effect on glycemic control. Diabetes Care. 2002 Jul;25(7):1159-1171.
Norris, S. L., F. M. Chowdhury, et al. (2006). “Effectiveness of community health workers in the care of persons with diabetes.” Diabet Med 23(5): 544-56.
Norris, S. L., P. J. Nichols, et al. (2002). “The effectiveness of disease and case management for people with diabetes. A systematic review.” Am J Prev Med 22(4 Suppl): 15-38.
Osman L,HylandM. Adherence and self management. In: Gibson P, AbramsonM, Costabel U (eds). Evidence based respiratory medicine. London: BMJ Books, 2004: 91–105.
Ouwens, M., H. Wollersheim, et al. (2005). “Integrated care programmes for chronically ill patients: a review of systematic reviews.” Int J Qual Health Care 17(2): 141-6.
Packer TL, Girdler S, Boldy DP, Dhaliwal SS, Crowley M. (2009). Vision self-management for older adults: A pilot study. Disability and rehabilitation, 27:1-9
Pare, G., M. Jaana, et al. (2007). “Systematic review of home telemonitoring for chronic diseases: the evidence base.” J Am Med Inform Assoc 14(3): 269-77.
Paterson B &  Thorne S. (2000). Developmental Evolution of Expertise in Diabetes Self-Management. Clinical Nursing Research, 9( 4);402-419

Peytremann-Bridevaux, I., P. Staeger, et al. (2008). “Effectiveness of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-management programs: systematic review and meta-analysis.” Am J Med 121(5): 433-443 e4.
Philbin, E. F. (1999). “Comprehensive multidisciplinary programs for the management of patients with congestive heart failure.” J Gen Intern Med 14(2): 130-5.
Phillips, C. O., S. M. Wright, et al. (2004). “Comprehensive discharge planning with postdischarge support for older patients with congestive heart failure: a meta-analysis.” Jama 291(11): 1358-67.
Powell Davies G, Dennis S, Walker C. Self-management with others: the role of partnerships in supporting self-management for people with long term conditions. In: Glasby J & Dickinson H (editors). International Health and Social Care: partnership working in action. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Limited; 2009
Redman BK (2007). Responsibility for Control: Ethics of Patient Preparation for Self-Management of Chronic Disease. Bioethics, 21(5);243-50
Redman BK. (2004). Patient self-management of chronic disease: the health care provider’s challenge. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers
Redman BK. (2005). The ethics of self-management preparation for chronic illness. Nursing Ethics. 12(4):360-369
Rees, K., R. S. Taylor, et al. (2004). “Exercise based rehabilitation for heart failure.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(3): CD003331.
Reeves D, Kennedy A, Fullwood C, Bower P, Gardner C, Gately C, Lee V, Richardson G, Rogers A. (2008). Predicting who will benefit from an Expert Patients Programme self-management course. The British Journal of General Practice, 58(548);198-203

Renders CM, Valk GD, Griffin S, Wagner EH, Eijk JT, Assendelft WJ. Interventions to improve the management of diabetes mellitus in primary care, outpatient, and community settings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;1:CD001481.
Renders, C. M., G. D. Valk, et al. (2001). “Interventions to improve the management of diabetes mellitus in primary care, outpatient and community settings.” Cochrane Database Syst Rev(1): CD001481.
Richardson G, Kennedy A, Reeves D, Bower P, Lee V, Middleton E, Gardner C, Gately C, Rogers A. (2008). Cost effectiveness of the Expert Patients Programme (EPP) for patients with chronic conditions. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 62(4);361-7
Richardson G, Sculpher M, Kennedy A, Nelson E, Reeves D, Roberts C, Robinson A, Rogers A, Thompson D. (2006). Is self-care a cost-effective use of resources? Evidence from a randomized trial in inflammatory bowel disease. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 11(4);225-30
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and Center for the Advancement of Health. (2001). Essential elements of self-management interventions. Electronic document,  http://www.cfah.org/pdfs/Essential_Elements_Report.pdf. Accessed 2009-05-13
Roccaforte, R., C. Demers, et al. (2005). “Effectiveness of comprehensive disease management programmes in improving clinical outcomes in heart failure patients. A meta-analysis.” Eur J Heart Fail 7(7): 1133-44.

Royal, S., L. Smeaton, et al. (2006). “Interventions in primary care to reduce medication related adverse events and hospital admissions: systematic review and meta-analysis.” Qual Saf Health Care 15(1): 23-31.
Santer M, Wyke S, Warner P. (2008). Women’s management of menstrual symptoms: Findings from a postal survey and qualitative interviews. Social Science & Medicine, 66;276-288
Schillinger D, Piette J, Grumbach K, et al. Closing the loop: Physician communication with diabetic patients who have low health literacy. Arch Intern Med. 2003 Jan 13;163(1):83-90.
Schoen C, Osborn R, Huynh PT, et al. Primary care and health system performance: Adults’ experiences in five countries. Health Aff (Millwood). 2004 Jul-Dec;Suppl Web Exclusives:W4-487-503.
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